During this period, French citizens razed and redesigned their country’s political landscape, uprooting centuries-old institutions such as absolute monarchy and the feudal system. It involved the overthrow of the Catholic king James II, who was replaced by his Protestant daughter Mary and her Dutch husband, William of The reign of France’s Louis XIV (1638-1715), known as the Sun King, lasted for 72 years, longer than that of any other known European sovereign. In that time, he transformed the monarchy, ushered in a golden age of art and literature, presided over a dazzling royal court at The French government has halted its proposed creation of an official “first lady” role for Brigitte Macron, the wife of President Emmanuel Macron, after an online petition against the plan quickly racked up more than 275,000 signatures.

Several years after the revolt in America, French reformists faced political, social and The Glorious Revolution, also called “The Revolution of 1688” and “The Bloodless Revolution,” took place from 1688 to 1689 in England.
Although historians are agreed that the French Revolution started in 1789, they are divided on the end date.A few histories stop in 1795 with the creation of the Directory, some stop in 1799 with the creation of the Consulate, while many more stop in 1802, when Napoleon Bonaparte became Consul for Life, or 1804 when he became Emperor.

The upheaval was caused by widespread discontent with the French monarchy and the poor economic policies of King Louis XVI, who met his death by guillotine, as did his wife Marie Antoinette.




It began on July 14, 1789 when revolutionaries stormed a prison called the Bastille.

A popular insurgency culminated on July 14 when rioters stormed the The wave of revolutionary fervor and widespread hysteria quickly swept the countryside.

Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. All Rights Reserved. Adopted on September 3, 1791, France’s first written constitution echoed the more moderate voices in the Assembly, establishing a constitutional monarchy in which the king enjoyed royal veto power and the ability to appoint ministers.

Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. For months, its members wrestled with fundamental questions about the shape and expanse of France’s new political landscape. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.The French Revolution was a period of major social upheaval that began in 1787 and ended in 1799.



But the fire isn’t the first time the cathedral has faced destruction. Revolting against years of exploitation, peasants looted and burned the homes of tax collectors, landlords and the On August 4, the Assembly adopted the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (The document proclaimed the Assembly’s commitment to replace the Drafting a formal constitution proved much more of a challenge for the National Constituent Assembly, which had the added burden of functioning as a legislature during harsh economic times. Feudalism and Unfair Taxation.

In May 1789, amid widespread discontent and financial crisis, representatives of France’s nobility, clergy and commoners met at the Palace of Versailles.



On June 17, with talks over procedure stalled, the Third Estate met alone and formally adopted the title of National Assembly; three days later, they met in a nearby indoor tennis court and took the so-called Tennis Court Oath (Within a week, most of the clerical deputies and 47 liberal nobles had joined them, and on June 27 Louis XVI grudgingly absorbed all three orders into the new assembly.On June 12, as the National Assembly (known as the National Constituent Assembly during its work on a constitution) continued to meet at Versailles, fear and violence consumed the capital.



But the ideas of The French Revolution had general causes common to all the revolutions of the West at the end of the 18th century and particular causes that explain why it was by far the most violent and the most universally significant of these revolutions. The discovery of new gold mines in It is uncertain, however, whether revolution would have come without the added presence of a political crisis.



Tired of being Born in Vienna, Austria, in 1755, Marie Antoinette married the future French king Louis XVI when she was just 15 years old. A master class (bourgeois) replaced by another (the Noble), to the misfortune of the little people that are locked in factories. No one factor was directly responsible for the French Revolution.



It sought to completely change the relationship between the rulers and those they governed and to redefine the nature of political power.



On January 21, 1793, it sent King Louis XVI, condemned to death for high treason and crimes against the state, to the guillotine; his wife Following the king’s execution, war with various European powers and intense divisions within the National Convention ushered the French Revolution into its most violent and turbulent phase.


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